JDBC Database Connection URLs for Common Databases

This post lists JDBC database URLs for common databases so you can refer when programming database in Jjava.

You know, when working with a database system via JDBC, the following information is required for making connection to the database:

• •             Driver class name: is name of the class that implements java.sql.Driver interface. The JDBC’s driver manager needs to load this class in order to work with the database driver.
  •             Database URL: a string that contains information about the database to connect to and other configuration properties. This string has its own format and is varied among different databases.

For reference, this article provides a summary of JDBC’s database connection URLs for the most common databases including MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Apache Derby (Java DB), SQLite and H2.

1. JDBC Database URL for MySQL 

• • Driver class name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  • Format of database URL:

           jdbc:mysql://[host][,failoverhost...][:port]/[database]

           [?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...

See more information about MySQL connection properties.

• • Examples:
    • jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
    • jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=secret

• • View JDBC connection code example for MySQL.

2. JDBC Database URL for SQL Server

• • Driver class name: com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
  • Format of database URL:

 jdbc:sqlserver://[serverName[\instanceName][:portNumber]][;property=value[;property=value]]

• • See more information about SQL Server connection properties.
  • Examples:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;integratedSecurity=true;

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;integratedSecurity=true

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;user=sa;password=secret

• • View code example for Microsoft SQL Server.

3. JDBC Database URL for Oracle

• • Driver class name: oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
  • Format of database URL:

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:@<database>

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:<user>/<password>@<database>

where drivertype can be thin, oci or kprb.

• • Examples:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:thin:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:@hoststring

jdbc:oracle:oci:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@hoststring>

Jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

• • See more information about Oracle driver type and connection properties.
  • View connection code example for Oracle database.

4. JDBC Database URL for PostgreSQL

• • Driver class name: org.postgresql.Driver
  • Format of database URL:

jdbc:postgresql:database

jdbc:postgresql://host/database

jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database

• • See more information about Postgre’s connection parameters.
  • Examples:

jdbc:postgresql:testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost/testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb

• • View JDBC connection example for PostgreSQL.

5. JDBC Database URL for JavaDB (Apache Derby)

• • Driver class name: org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
  • Format of database URL:

         jdbc:derby:[subsubprotocol:][databaseName][;attribute=value]*

where subsubprotocol can take one of the following values: directory (default), memory, classpath, and jar.

• • Examples:
    
    • jdbc:derby:testdb
    • jdbc:derby:centraldb/sales
    • jdbc:derby:sample;create=true
    • jdbc:derby:memory:testdb
    • jdbc:derby:classpath:testdb
    • jdbc:derby:directory:testdb
    • jdbc:derby:jar(C:/testdb.jar)/market/asia
      
  • See more information about Derby JDBC database connection URL.
  • View code example for Apache Derby .

6. JDBC Database URL for SQLite

Because there is no official JDBC driver for SQLite from www.sqlite.org, the following information is applied for a SQLite JDBC driver provided by www.xerial.org.

• • Driver class name: org.sqlite.JDBC
  • Format of database URL:

jdbc:sqlite:database_file_path

Where database_file_path points to relative path or absolute path of a SQLite database file.

Syntax for in-memory SQLite database:

jdbc:sqlite::memory:

jdbc:sqlite:

• • Examples:
    • jdbc:sqlite:sample.db
    • jdbc:derby:D:/work/project/data.db
  • View JDBC code example for SQLite.
    

NOTE: From JDBC 4.0, loading the driver class explicitly is no longer needed, so you don’t need to care about the driver class name.

7. JDBC Database URL for H2

Driver class name: org.h2.Driver

Database URLs for Embedded Mode:

• jdbc:h2:~/test('test' database in user home directory)
• jdbc:h2:/data/test('test' database in /data directory - Unix)
• jdbc:h2:D:/data/test ('test' database in D:/data directory - Windows)
• jdbc:h2:./test ('test' datase in current directory)

Database URLs for In-Memory Mode:

• jdbc:h2:mem:test (multiple connections in one process)
• jdbc:h2:mem: (unamed private; one connection)

Database URLs for Server Mode:

• jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test ('test' database in user home)
• jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost//data/test ('test' database in /data directory - Unix)
• jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/D:/data/test ('test' database in D:/data directory - Windows)

Related JDBC Tutorials:

• JDBC Drivers Download
• How to connect to a database with JDBC
• JDBC Create, Retrieve, Update and Delete (CRUD) Tutorial
• JDBC Transaction Tutorial
• How to call stored procedure with JDBC
• How to read database metadata in JDBC
• How to insert binary data into database with JDBC
• How to read binary data from database with JDBC
• How to use Scrollable ResultSet
• How to use Updatable ResultSet
• How to use CachedRowSet

About the Author:

Nam Ha Minh is certified Java programmer (SCJP and SCWCD). He began programming with Java back in the days of Java 1.4 and has been passionate about it ever since. You can connect with him on Facebook and watch his Java videos on YouTube.